|
- S - |
|
TERM |
DEFINITION |
|
s |
Smile |
|
S |
Big Smile |
|
S4L |
Spam For Life |
| Sacrifice |
An act accomplished for the welfare of all interests, such as throwing part of a
cargo overboard to keep a ship from sinking. |
|
SAD |
See "Single
Administrative Document" |
|
Safety Stock |
The
inventory a company holds beyond normal needs as a buffer against delays in
receipt of orders or changes in customer buying patterns. |
|
Safe Working Load (SWL) |
The
maximum load any lifting appliance may handle. |
|
Said To Contain (STC) |
Term in a
Bill of Lading signifying that the master and the carrier are unaware of the
nature or quantity of the contents of e.g. a carton, crate, container or
bundle and are relying on the description furnished by the shipper. |
| Salvage |
Property saved from loss.
The saving
or rescue of a vessel and/or the cargo from loss and/or damage at sea. |
|
Salvage (Ins) |
-
Property
taken over by an insurance company to reduce its loss;
- Award recoverable by salvors under maritime law. |
|
Salvage Charges (Ins) |
The award
due to a salvor for services rendered in saving the insured property. |
|
Salvage Loss (Ins) |
Occurs when
the Underwriter agrees to settle a cargo claim by paying the difference
between the insured value and the proceeds realised by selling the damaged
goods. |
|
Salvage Stock |
Unused
material that has a market value and can be sold. |
|
Sanction |
An embargo imposed by a Government against another country. |
| SB |
Safe Berth |
|
SBCD |
Scratching, Bruising, Chipping and/or Denting |
|
Schedule (Ins) |
-
A list of
specified amounts payable for, usually, surgical procedures, dismemberments,
ancillary expenses or the like in Health Insurance policies;
- The list of individual items covered under one policy as the various
buildings or animals and other property in property insurance;
- In Marine policies, a list attached to a slip, open cover, policy or other
document, usually detailing the rates of premium for various voyages,
interests and risks. |
|
Schedule of Loss
(Ins) |
Notice
completed by the insured documenting loss or damage to contents, personal
property and/or stock. |
|
Scrap Material |
Unusable
material that has no market value. |
| SD |
Single Decker |
|
S/D |
Abbreviation for:
- Sight draft.
- Sea damage. |
|
SCAC Code |
See Owner Code. |
|
Scale Ton |
Freighting
measurement used in certain trades for various commodities. |
|
Schedule |
- A
timetable including arrival/departure times of ocean- and feeder vessels and
also inland transportation.
- It refers to named ports in a specific voyage (journey) within a certain
trade indicating the voyage number(s).
- In general: The plan of times for starting and/or finishing activities.
|
|
Schedule B |
The Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign
Commodities Exported from the United States. |
|
SCM |
See Supply Chain Management |
|
SCOON |
Shooting Coffee Out Of Nose (laughing hard or shocked) |
|
SCP |
See "Simplified Clearance Procedure" |
|
SCR |
See "Specific Commodity Rate" |
|
SDR |
See "Special Drawing Rights" |
|
Sea-Bee Vessels |
Ocean vessels constructed with heavy-duty submersible
hydraulic lift or elevator system at the stern of the vessel. The Sea-Bee system
facilitates forward transfer and positioning of barges. Sea-Bee barges are
larger than LASH barges. The Sea-Bee system is no longer used. |
| Seafreight |
Costs charged for
transporting goods over the sea. This does not cover haulage or
loading/discharging costs but the sea transport only |
|
Sea Waybill |
Document indicating the goods were loaded onboard when a
document of title (b/L) is not needed. Typically used when a company is
shipping goods to itself. |
|
Seal |
A device
used for containers, lockers, trucks or lorries to proof relevant parties
that they have remained closed during transport. |
|
Seal
Log |
A document
used to record seal numbers. |
|
Seal
Number |
The
identifier assigned to the tag used to secure or mark the locking mechanism
on closed containers. |
|
Seals
On Containers |
Attached
to locking device on container to prevent pilferage and to certify no
tampering; made of steel by customs or carrier. |
|
Seasonal Inventory |
Inventory
built up in anticipation of a seasonal peak of demand in order to smooth
production. |
|
Seaworthiness |
The fitness of a vessel for its intended use. |
|
Seaworthiness Warranty
(Ins) |
There is an
implied warranty in every voyage policy that the ship must be seaworthy at
the commencement of the insured voyage or, if the voyage is carried out in
stages, at the commencement of each stage of the voyage. To be seaworthy,
the ship must be reasonably fit in all respects to encounter the ordinary
perils of the contemplated voyage, property crewed, fuelled and provisioned,
and with all her equipment in proper working order. Cargo policies waive
breach of the warranty, except where the Assured or their servants are privy
to the unseaworthiness. Breach of the warranty is not excused in a hull
voyage policy, literal compliance therewith being required. Although there
is no warranty of seaworthiness in a hull time policy, claims arising from
unseaworthiness may be prejudiced if the ship sails in an unseaworthy
condition with the knowledge of the Assured. |
|
Sectional
Rate |
The rate
established by scheduled air carrier(s) for a section of a through route
(aircargo). |
|
Security (Ins) |
The
Underwriters subscribing a risk. The Insurers. |
|
SED |
U.S. Commerce Department document, "Shipper's Export
Declaration." |
|
Segregation |
Distance
required by the rules of IMDG or BC codes between the various commodities of
dangerous and or bulk cargoes. |
| SELFD |
Self-Discharging |
|
Self Sustaining Ship |
A containership which
has her own crane for loading and discharging shipping containers enabling
the ship to serve ports which do not have suitable lifting equipment.. See
also "Geared" |
|
Sellers Interest Clause (INS) (Exports)
A Contingency Clause |
Insurers
hereon agree to grant this policy cover retrospective to the commencement of
the transit in the event of ownership and/or responsibility for the goods
remaining with or reverting to the Seller consequent upon any of the
following contingencies:
i) the Buyer failing to or refusing to accept or being prevented from
accepting the documents of title;
ii) the Buyer failing to or refusing to accept or being prevented from
accepting the whole consignment;
iii) the Seller exercising a right to lien of the goods, or interrupting
their transit, or suspending the sale contract whilst the
goods are in transit, when this is reasonable to safeguard the Sellers
interest.
The Insured must use all reasonable and usual care, skill and forethought
and take all practical measures which may be required by Insurers to prevent
or minimise loss and to enforce the contract sale.
All rights and benefits against the Buyer and/or the Buyers Insurers
and/or Carrier(s) and/or other persons are to be subrogated to Insurers.
The Insured must advise Insurers immediately of the occurrence of any of
the contingencies referred to above.
Delay and/or deviation as defined in the Transit Clause of the Institute
Cargo Clause and/or storage and/or change of voyage are held covered at an
additional premium to be agreed. This overrides any termination of adventure
provisions in such Clauses.
The insurance and any money payable hereunder are not assignable without
the consent in writing of the Insurers.
The existence of this insurance is not to be disclosed to the buyer.
SEE ALSO: "CIF Shippers Difference In Conditions Clause" (Imports) |
|
Sellers' Market |
A
'seller's market' is considered to exist when goods cannot easily be secured
and when the economic forces of business tend to be priced at the vendor's
estimate of value. In other words, a state of trade favorable to the seller,
with relatively great demand and high prices of something for sale. |
| Semi Trailers |
Containers or flatbed freight trailers
pulled behind "tractors" or "lorries" |
|
Sender |
See "Shipper" |
|
Service Bill |
A service Bill (of Lading) is a contract of carriage issued by one carrier
to another for documentary and internal control purposes.
-For internal documentary and control purposes a so-called participating
agent in a consortium uses some kind of document which, depending on the
trade, is referred to as 'Memo bill' which will among others state:
-Name of Carrier on whose behalf the original document (Way Bill, Bill of
Lading, etc.) was issued.
-The original document number.
-The agent who issued the original document and his opponent at the
discharging side.
-The number of packages, weight and measurement, marks and numbers and goods
description.
- Further mandatory details in case of special cargo.
- No freight details will be mentioned and the Memo Bill is not a contract
of carriage.
See Bill of Lading. |
|
Service Contract |
A contract
between a shipper and an ocean carrier or conference, in which the shipper
makes a commitment to provide a minimum quantity of cargo over a fixed time
period. The ocean carrier or conference also commits to a rate or rate
schedule as well as a defined service level, such as space, transit item,
port rotation, or other features. |
|
Service Level |
A measure
for the extent to which the customer orders can be executed at delivery
conditions normally accepted in the market. |
| Settling Agent |
An underwriter’s overseas representative authorized to investigate and pay
claims. |
|
Service |
A string of vessels which makes a particular voyage and serves
a particular market. |
|
Service Contract |
As provided in the Shipping Act of 1984, a contract between a
shipper (or a shippers association) and an ocean common carrier (or conference)
in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of
cargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period, and the ocean common carrier
or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedule as well as a defined
service level (such as assured space, transit time, port rotation or similar
service features). The contract may also specify provisions in the event of
nonperformance on the part of either party. |
|
SETE |
Smiling Ear To Ear |
|
Setting/Air Delivery Temperature |
- An
indication in the documents (B/L) stating the air supply temperature to the
container.
- Note: No other details than this temperature shall be included in the Bill
of Lading. |
| SF |
Stowage Factor. Cubic
space (measurement tonne) occupied by one tonne (2,240 lbs/1,000 kgs) of
cargo |
|
SF |
Surfer Friendly (low graphics web site that loads quickly) |
|
SHEX |
Saturday and Holidays Excluded. |
|
SHID |
Slaps Head In Disgust |
|
Shifting |
This refers to movements
or changing positions of cargo from one place to another. This can easily
endanger the seaworthiness or cargoworthiness of the ship. |
|
SHINC |
Saturday and Holidays Included. |
|
Ship |
See "Vessel" |
|
Ship
Agent |
A liner
company or tramp ship operator representative who facilitates ship arrival,
clearance, loading and unloading, and fee payment while at a specific port. |
|
Ship
Broker |
A firm
that serves as a go-between for the tramp ship owner and the chartering
consignor or consignee. |
|
Ship Chandler
|
An individual or company selling equipment and supplies for
ships. |
|
Ship Demurrage |
A charge for delaying a steamer beyond a stipulated period. |
|
Ship's Bells |
Measure time onboard ship. One bell sounds for each half hour.
One bell means 12:30, two bells mean 1:00, three bells mean 1:30, and so on
until 4:00 (eight bells). At 4:30 the cycle begins again with one bell. |
|
Ship's Manifest |
A statement listing the particulars of all shipments loaded
for a specified voyage. |
|
Ship's Protest |
Statement
of the master of a vessel before (in the presence of) competent authorities,
concerning exceptional events which occurred during a voyage. |
|
Ship's Tackle |
All rigging, cranes, etc., utilized on a ship to load or
unload cargo. |
|
Shipment |
The tender of one lot of cargo at one time from one shipper to
one consignee on one bill of lading.
- See "Consignment" |
|
Ship Operator |
A ship
operator is either the shipowner or the (legal) person responsible for the
actual management of the vessel and its crew. |
|
Ship Owner |
The
(legal) person officially registered as such in the certificate of registry
where the following particulars are contained.
- Name of vessel and port of registry.
- Details contained in surveyors certificate.
- The particulars respecting the origin stated in the declaration of
ownership.
- The name and description of the registered owner, if more than one owner
the proportionate share of each. |
|
Shipped On Board (SOB) |
An
endorsement on a B/L confirming loading of goods on the vessel. See also
Cell Position. |
|
Shipper |
The person or company who is usually the supplier or owner of
commodities shipped. Also called "Consignor" or "Sender" |
|
Shippers Agent |
A firm
that primarily matches up small shipments, especially single-traffic
piggyback loads, to permit shippers to use twin-trailer piggyback rates. |
|
Shippers Association |
A non-profit entity that represents the interests of a number
of shippers. The main focus of shippers associations is to pool the cargo
volumes of members to leverage the most favorable service contract rate levels. |
|
Shipper's Export Declaration (SED,"Ex Dec") |
- A joint Bureau of the Census' International Trade
Administration form used for compiling U.S. exports. It is completed by a
shipper and shows the value, weight, destination, etc., of export shipments as
well as Schedule B commodity code.
- The SED includes complete particulars
on individual shipments and is used to control exports and act as a source
document for the official U.S. export statistics. SEDs must be prepared for
shipments through the U.S. Postal Service when the shipment is valued over
$500. SEDs are required for shipments, other than by the U.S. Postal
Service, where the value of commodities classified under each individual
Schedule B number is over $2,500. SEDs must be prepared, regardless of
value, for all shipments requiring a validated export license or destined
for countries prohibited by the Export Administration Regulations. SEDs are
prepared by the exporter and the exporter's agent and delivered to the
exporting carrier (such as: post office, airline, or vessel line). The
exporting carrier presents the required number of copies to the U.S. Customs
Service at the port of export. |
|
Shippers Indemnity |
Indemnity given by the
beneficiary of a letter of credit to the negotiating bank to induce payment
despite any discrepancies that may exist in the documents. |
|
Shipper's Instructions |
Shipper's communication(s) to its agent and/or directly to the
international water-carrier. Instructions may be varied, e.g., specific
details/clauses to be printed on the B/L, directions for cargo pickup and
delivery. |
|
Shipper's Letter of Instructions for issuing an Air Waybill
(SLI) |
The document required by the carrier or freight forwarders to
obtain (besides the data needed) authorization to issue and sign the air waybill
in the name of the shipper. |
|
Shipper's Load & Count (SL&C) |
Shipments loaded and sealed by shippers and not checked or
verified by the carriers. |
|
Shipping Act of 1916 |
The act of the U.S. Congress (1916) that created the U.S.
Shipping Board to develop water transportation, operate the merchant ships owned
by the government, and regulate the water carriers engaged in commerce under the
flag of the United States. As of June 18, 1984, applies only to domestic
offshore ocean transport. |
|
Shipping Act of 1984 |
Effective June 18, 1984, describes the law covering water
transportation in the U.S. foreign trade. |
|
Shipping Act of 1998 |
Amends the Act of 1984 to provide for confidential service
contracts and other items. |
|
Shipping
Container |
Standard-sized rectangular box used to transport freight by ship, rail and
highway. International shipping containers are 20 or 40 feet long, conform
to International Standards Organization (ISO) standards and are designed to
fit in ships' holds. Containers are transported on public roads atop a
container chassis towed by a tractor. |
|
Shipping
Documents |
Documents
required for the carriage of goods. |
|
Shipping
Instructions |
A document
detailing the cargo and the requirements of its physical movement. |
|
Shipping
Label |
A label
attached to a shipping unit, containing certain data. |
|
Shipping
Mark |
The letters, numbers or other symbols placed on
the outside of cargo to facilitate identification. |
|
Shipping
Note |
Document
provided by the shipper or his agent to the carrier, multimodal transport
operator, terminal or other receiving authority, giving information about
export consignments offered for transport, and providing for the necessary
receipts and declarations of liability. |
|
Shipping Order |
Shipper's instructions to carrier for forwarding goods;
usually the triplicate copy of the bill of lading. |
|
Shipping Terms |
That part of a contract
of sale that specifies who, between the buyer and the seller, is responsible
for each aspect of shipping the goods, e.g., for packing, arranging
and paying for transportation and insurance, clearing customs, etc. |
|
Shipping Weight |
Shipping weight represents the gross weight in
kilograms of shipments, including the weight of moisture content, wrappings,
crates, boxes, and containers (other than cargo vans and similar substantial
outer containers). |
|
Ships |
- Bulk Carriers: All vessels designed to carry bulk
cargo such as grain, fertilizers, ore, and oil.
- Combination Passenger and Cargo Ships: Ships with a capacity for 13
or more passengers.
- Freighters: Breakbulk vessels both refrigerated and unrefrigerated,
containerships, partial containerships, roll-on/roll-off vessels, and barge
carriers.
- Barge Carriers: Ships designed to carry barges;
some are fitted to act as full containerships and can carry a varying number
of barges and containers at the same time. At present this class includes two
types of vessels LASH and Sea-Bee.
- General Cargo Carriers: Breakbulk freighters, car
carriers, cattle carriers, pallet carriers and timber carriers.
- Full Containerships: Ships equipped with permanent container cells,
with little or no space for other types of cargo.
- Partial Containerships: Multipurpose containerships where one or more
but not all compartments are fitted with permanent container cells. Remaining
compartments are used for other types of cargo.
- Roll-on/Roll-off vessels: Ships specially designed to carry wheeled
containers or trailers using interior ramps.
- Tankers: Ships fitted with tanks to carry liquid cargo such as: crude
petroleum and petroleum products; chemicals, Liquefied gasses(LNG and LPG),
wine, molasses, and similar product tankers.
|
|
Ship's Agent |
A person or firm who
transacts all business in a port on behalf of shipowners or charterers. Also
called shipping agent |
|
Ship's Articles |
A written agreement
between the master of a ship and the crew concerning their employment. It
includes rates of pay and capacity of each crewman, the date of commencement
of the voyage and its duration. |
|
Shore |
A prop or support placed against or beneath anything to
prevent sinking or sagging. |
| Shore Clause |
A marine cargo policy clause covering an ocean shipment against named perils
while on land – necessary because the policy provides protection from warehouse
to warehouse. |
|
Short Haul Discrimination |
Charging
more for a shorter haul than for a longer haul over the same route, in the
same direction, and for the same commodity. |
|
Short Rate (Ins) |
Cancellation of an insurance contract at the request of the policyholder
with a refund of premiums to the policyholder less than would be given under
pro-rata consideration. |
|
Short Ton (ST) |
2,000 pounds. |
|
Shrink Wrap |
Polyethylene or similar substance heat-treated and shrunk into
an envelope around several units, thereby securing them as a single pack for
presentation or to secure units on a pallet. |
|
Shut Out |
Containers
not carried on intended vessel. |
|
Shuttle Service |
The
carriage back and forth over an often short route between two points. |
|
SIC |
See "Standard
Industrial Classification" |
| SID |
Single Decker |
|
Side Loader |
A lift truck fitted with lifting attachments operating to one
side for handling containers. |
|
Side-Door Container |
A container fitted with a rear door and a minimum of one side
door. |
|
Siding |
A short
railroad track connected with a main track by a switch to serve a warehouse
or an industrial area. |
|
Sight |
Time of presentation, as
in a draft payable "at sight" or "90 days after sight." |
|
Sight Draft |
A draft payable upon presentation to the drawee.
Draft that demands
payment "at sight," or immediately, as opposed to a time draft, which may be
payable "90 days after sight" or "30 days after bill of lading date." |
|
Silent Confirmation |
Term used for a bank’s
commitment to negotiate (i.e., purchase) documents under a letter of
credit without recourse at a future date. A silent confirmation is not a
confirmation in the true sense, and will not use the word "confirm," but is
rather an equivalent form of protection for the beneficiary. The bank will
require that the letter of credit be negotiable or payable by itself in
order to be able to establish holder-in-due-course rights equivalent to
those of a confirming bank. |
|
Simplified Clearance Procedure (SCP) |
A
procedure covering non-restricted goods which enables approved exporters or
agents to export goods on presentation of minimum information. The full
statistical information is supplied within 14 days of shipment. |
|
Single Administrative Document (SAD) |
A set of
documents, replacing the various (national) forms for customs declaration
within European Community, implemented on January 1st, 1988. The
introduction of the SAD constitutes an intermediate stage in the abolition
of all administrative documentation in intra European Community trade in
goods between member states. |
|
Sister Ships |
Ships built on the same
design |
|
Skeleton Trailer |
Road
trailer consisting of a frame and wheels, specially designed to carry
containers. See "Chassis" |
|
Skids |
Battens, or a series of parallel runners, fitted beneath boxes
or packages to raise them clear of the floor to permit easy access of forklift
blades or other handling equipment. |
|
SKU |
See "Stock Keeping Unit" |
|
SL&C |
Shipments
loaded and sealed by shippers and not checked or verified by the carriers. |
|
SL/W |
Shippers load and count. All three clauses are used as needed
on the bill of lading to exclude the carrier from liability when the cargo is
loaded by the shipper. |
|
Sleeper |
Sleeping
compartment mounted behind a truck cab, sometimes attached to the cab or
even designed to be an integral part of it. |
|
Sleeper Team |
Two
drivers who operate a truck equipped with a sleeper berth; while one driver
sleeps in the berth to accumulate mandatory off-duty time, the other driver
operates the vehicle. |
|
Sleepers |
Loaded containers moving within the railroad system that are
not clearly identified on any internally generated reports. |
|
SLI |
See "Shipper's Letter of Instruction" |
|
Sliding Tandem |
An
undercarriage with a subframe having provision for convenient fore and aft
adjustment of its position on the chassis/semi-trailer. The purpose being to
be able to shift part of the load to either the king pin or the suspension
to maximize legally permitted axle loads (road cargo). |
|
Sling |
A wire or rope contrivance placed around cargo and used to
load or discharge it to/from a vessel. |
|
Slip |
A vessel's berth between two piers. Alternatively: In
Insurance, the details of a risk for which insurance is sought. |
|
Slip
Sheet |
Similar to
a pallet, the slip sheet, which is made of cardboard or plastic, is used to
facilitate movement of unitized loads. |
|
Slot |
The space
on board a vessel, required by one TEU, mainly used for administrative
purposes. |
|
Slot
Charter |
A voyage
charter whereby the shipowner agrees to place a certain number of container
slots (TEU and/or FEU) at the charterer's disposal. |
|
Slurry |
Dry
commodities that are made into a liquid form by the addition of water or
other fluids to permit movement by pipeline. |
| SN |
Satellite Navigation |
|
SNAFU |
Situation Normal, All Fouled Up |
|
SOB |
See "Shipped On Board" |
| SOC |
Shipper Owned Container |
| SOF |
Statement Of Facts |
|
SOL |
Smiling Out Loud or Out of Luck |
|
SOLAS |
Safety of Life a Sea
Convention |
|
Solvency (Ins) |
Sufficient
assets and income. It is the primary responsibility of a state's insurance
department is to monitor insurance companies licensed to transact business
within their state and make certain that they remain solvent and have the
ability to pay the claims of their policyholders. |
|
SOT |
Short Of Time (in a hurry) |
|
SOTMG |
Short Of Time, Must Go |
| SP |
Safe Port |
|
SPA |
Abbreviation for "Subject to Particular Average." See also
Particular Average. |
|
Space & Equipment Reservation |
A business
transaction between two enterprises to arrange for services to facilitate
the movement of goods via a carrier. |
|
Space & Equipment Request |
A business
transaction between two enterprises. An enterprise that has goods to be
moved will contact an entity that provides transport services to request
space and equipment for an upcoming shipment. The request serves as the
first action to launch a set of negotiations between the two enterprises. |
|
Space Charter |
A voyage
charter whereby the shipowner agrees to place part of the vessels capacity
at the charterers disposal. |
|
Special Commodities Carrier |
A common
carrier trucking company that has authority to haul a special commodity; the
sixteen special commodities include household goods, petroleum products, and
hazardous materials. |
|
Special Commodity Warehouse |
A
warehouse that is used to store products requiring unique facilities, such
as grain (elevator), liquid (tank), and tobacco (barn). |
|
Special Customs Invoice |
An
official form usually required by U.S. Customs if the rate of duty is based
upon the value and the value of the shipment exceeds $500. This document is
usually prepared by the foreign exporter or his forwarder and is used by
Customs in determining the value of the shipment. The exporter or his agent
must attest to the authenticity of the data furnished. |
|
Special Drawing Rights (SDR) |
Unit of
account from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), i.a. used to express the
amount of the limitations of a carrier's liability. |
| Special Marine Policy |
Issued under an open policy when the buyer wants evidence of insurance for the
specific merchandise and voyage involved. |
|
Special Rate |
A rate
other than a normal rate (aircargo). |
|
Specific Commodity Rate (SCR) |
A rate
applicable to carriage of specifically designated commodities (aircargo).
|
|
Specified Rate |
A rate
specified in an IATA Cargo Tariff Coordination Conference resolution
(aircargo). |
|
Speedability |
Top speed
a vehicle can attain as determined by engine power, engine governed speed,
gross weight, driveline efficiency, air resistance, grade and load. |
| Spidering |
Strengthening
of circular tanks for transport, this prevents the tanks from becoming
warped. The tanks are strengthened with steel or wood crossbeams giving a
"spider" appearance |
|
Spine Car |
An articulated five-platform railcar. Used where height and
weight restrictions limit the use of stack cars. It holds five 40-foot
containers or combinations of 40- and 20-foot containers. |
|
Spoke |
The
stretch between a hub and one of the group of consignees and/or consignors
being served by the hub. |
|
Spontaneous Ignition Temperature |
The lowest
temperature at which a substance will start burning spontaneously without an
external source of ignition. |
|
Spot Market |
A market
for unplanned purchases not made under contract terms. Transactions usually
made on a one-time basis. Related terms: spot buy, spot demand. |
|
Spot (Voyage) |
A charter for a
particular vessel to move a single cargo between specified loading port(s)
and discharge port(s) in the immediate future. Contract rate ("spot" rate)
covers total operating expenses, i.e., bunkers, port charges, canal tolls,
crew's wages and food, insurance and repairs. Cargo owner absorbs, in
addition, any expenses specifically levied against the cargo. |
|
Spotting |
Placing a container where required to be loaded or unloaded. |
|
Spreader |
- A piece of equipment designed to lift containers by their
corner castings.
-
Device used for lifting containers and unitized cargo.
- Beam or frame that holds the slings vertical when hoisting a load, to
prevent damage to cargo |
|
Spur Line |
A railroad
track that connects a company's plant or warehouse with the railroad's
track; the user bears the cost of the spur track and its maintenance. |
| SRBL |
Shipping & Releasing Bill of Lading |
S.R. & C.C.
(SRCC) |
Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion perils excluded in the basic marine cargo
policy, but coverable by endorsement or ICC Strikes Clauses. |
| SSHEX |
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Excluded |
| SSHINC |
Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Included |
|
Stability |
The force that holds a vessel upright or returns it to upright
if keeled over. Weight in the lower hold increases stability. A vessel is stiff
if it has high stability, tender if it has low stability. |
|
Stack |
An
identifiable amount of containers stowed in a orderly way in one specified
place on an (ocean) terminal, container freight station, container yard or
depot (see container stack). |
|
Stack Car |
An articulated five-platform rail car that allows containers
to be double stacked. A typical stack car holds ten 40-foot equivalent units (FEU's). |
|
Stacking |
To pile
boxes, bags, containers etc. on top of each other. |
|
Stacktrain |
A rail service whereby rail cars carry containers stacked two
high on specially operated unit trains. Each train includes up to 35 articulated
multi-platform cars. Each car is comprised of 5 well-type platforms upon which
containers can be stacked. No chassis accompany containers. |
|
Stack Weight |
The total
weight of the containers and cargo in a certain row. |
|
Stage |
The act of
locating goods at a specific location to prepare for movement. |
|
Standard |
Efforts to
create wide use of specific protocols so software from different vendors can
interoperate more easily, particularly within a vertical industry. Standards
bodies or efforts often work more slowly than entrepreneurial companies in
setting up interoperable terms of trade. Many e-commerce standards today are
based on XML (eXtensible Markup Language), which provides a flexible way to
describe product specifications or business terms. |
|
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) |
A standard numerical code used by the U.S. Government to
classify products and services. |
|
Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) |
A standard numeric code developed by the United Nations to
classify commodities used in international trade, based on a hierarchy. |
|
Standard Product Module (SPM) |
The
building blocks used by business management to define services (shipment
products) which can be offered to customers. They describe a more or less
isolated set of activities with a standard cost attached to it. For
operations management each module defines a combination of standard
operations that needs to be carried out for a customer.
- Note: SPM's can be regarded as the interface between business and
operations management. |
|
Standby Letter of Credit |
As opposed to a
commercial letter of credit, a letter of credit that does not cover the
direct purchase of merchandise, so called because it is often intended to be
drawn on only when the applicant for whom it is issued fails to perform an
obligation. There is, nonetheless, a type of standby letter of credit that
is intended to be drawn on, referred to as a "direct pay letter of credit."
Standby letters of credit are based on the underlying principle of letters
of credit that payment is made against presentation of documents¾ whatever
documents the applicant, beneficiary, and issuing bank may agree to, not
necessarily documents showing shipment of goods. |
|
Starboard |
The right side of a ship when facing the bow. |
|
State of Origin |
The state
in the territory in which the cargo was first loaded on board of an aircraft
(aircargo). |
|
Statute Of Limitation |
A law limiting the time in which claims or suits may be
instituted. |
|
Status |
Information concerning the state or location of a defined item. |
|
STB |
Surface Transportation
Board, an independent adjudicatory body administratively housed in the
Department of Transportation responsible for the economic regulation of
interstate surface transportation, primarily railroads |
|
STC |
Said to contain |
|
STCC |
Abbreviation for "Standard Transportation Commodity Code." |
|
Steamship Conference |
A group of vessel operators joined together for the purpose of
establishing freight rates. |
|
Steamship Guarantee |
An indemnity issued to the carrier by a bank; protects the
carrier against any possible losses or damages arising from release of the
merchandise to the receiving party. This instrument is usually issued when the
bill of lading is lost or is not available. |
|
Steering of Containers |
The
function, with the aid of specific software for tracking and forecasting
(IRMA, MINKA), to direct empty containers to demanding areas at minimum
costs. |
| Stem |
- Subject To Enough Merchandise
- Bow of ship |
|
Stern |
The end of a vessel. Opposite of bow. |
|
Stevedore |
Individual or firm that employs longshoremen and who contracts
to load or unload the ship. |
|
Sticky |
The
ability to retain participants. |
|
Stock |
The
materials in a supply chain or in a segment of a supply chain, expressed in
quantities, locations and or values. |
|
Stock Keeping Unit |
A method
of identifying a product without using a full description. |
|
Stockless Purchasing |
A practice
whereby the buyer negotiates a purchase price for annual requirements of MRO
items and the seller holds inventory until the buyer orders individual
items. |
|
Stock Locater System |
A system
in which all places within a warehouse are named or numbered. |
|
Stockout |
A
situation in which the items a customer orders are currently unavailable. |
|
Stockout Cost |
The
opportunity cost that companies associate with not having supply sufficient
to meet demand. |
|
Stock Record |
A record
of the quantity of stock of a single item, often containing a history of
recent transactions and information for controlling the replenishment of
stock. |
|
Stop Loss (Ins) |
-
Any
provision in a policy designed to cut off the insurance company's loss at a
given point. Aggregate benefits and maximum benefits are an example;
- A type of reinsurance designed to transfer the loss from the ceding
company to the reinsurer at a given point. |
|
Storage |
The
activity of placing goods into a store or the state of being in store (e.g.
a warehouse). |
|
Storage Charge |
Fee for keeping goods in
warehouse/terminal after "free time" runs out. |
|
Store-Door Pick-up Delivery |
A complete package of pick up or delivery services performed
by a carrier from origin to final consumption point. |
|
Stores |
Provisions
and supplies on board required for running a vessel. |
|
Stowage |
A marine term referring to loading freight into ships' holds. |
|
Stowage Factor |
Ratio of a
cargo's cubic measurement to its weight, expressed in cubic feet to the ton
or cubic meters to the tonne, used in order to determine the total quantity
of cargo which can be loaded in a certain space |
|
Stowage Instructions |
Imperative
details about the way certain cargo is to be stowed, given by the shipper or
his agent. |
|
Stowaway |
An
unwanted person who hides on board of a vessel or an aircraft to get free
passage, to evade port officials etc. |
|
Straddle Carrier |
Mobile truck equipment with the capacity for lifting a
container within its own framework. |
|
Straddle Crane |
A crane
usually running on rails and spanning an open area such as rail-tracks or
roadways. |
|
Straight Bill of Lading |
A non-negotiable bill of lading which states a specific
identity to whom the goods should be delivered. See Bill of Lading. |
|
Straight Truck |
Vehicle
which carries cargo in a body mounted to its chassis, rather than on a
trailer towed by the vehicle. |
| Strand / Stranding |
A vessel strands when it runs aground. |
|
Strap |
A band of
metal, plastic or other flexible material used to hold cargo or cases
together. |
|
Strategic Planning |
Looking
one to five years into the future and designing a logistical system (or
systems) to meet the needs of the various businesses in which a company is
involved. |
|
Strategic Variables |
The variables that effect change in the
environment and logistics strategy. The major strategic variables include
the economy, population, energy, and government. |
|
Stretch |
The leg
between two points. |
|
Stretch Wrap |
An
elastic, thin plastic material that effectively adheres to itself, thereby
containing product on a pallet when wrapped around the items. |
|
Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion (S.R. & C.C.) |
Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotion perils excluded in the basic marine cargo
policy, but coverable by endorsement such as ICC Strikes Clauses. |
|
Stripping |
Removing cargo from a container (devanning). |
|
Stuffing |
Putting cargo into a container. |
|
STW |
Said to weigh. |
|
STW |
Search(ing) The Web |
|
SU |
Shut Up |
| SUB |
Subject To |
|
Subrogation (Ins) |
The legal
process by which an insurance company seeks from a third party who may have
caused the loss, recovery of the amount paid to the insured. |
|
Subrogation Waiver
(Ins) |
A waiver by
the named insured giving up any right of recovery against another party.
Normally an insurance policy requires that subrogation (recovery) rights be
preserved. |
|
Subrogate |
To put in place of another; i.e., when an insurance company
pays a claim it is placed in the same position as the payee with regard to any
rights against others. |
|
Subsidy |
The
economic benefit granted by a government to producers of goods or services
often to strengthen their competitive position. |
|
Substretch |
Part of a
stretch. This term is used if it is necessary to distinguish between a
stretch and a part thereof. |
|
Sue & Labor Clause (Ins) |
-
A clause within marine and inland marine policies whereby the policyholder, in
the event of a loss, is required to take all necessary means to save the
property from further loss, and the insurer agrees to pay the costs even if the
property becomes a total loss despite the policyholder’s efforts. The insurer
may pay a total loss plus the cost of the attempted salvage.
-
Expenses incurred by the Assured or their representatives with the intention
of preventing or minimizing a loss for which the Underwriter would have been
liable. They do not include expenses incurred in general average or salvage
acts; these being recoverable under the policy only as part of the
Underwriters' liability for contribution to general average or salvage, if
any. Sue and labor charges are recoverable under a policy that incorporates
a sue and labor clause (SG policy), or in accordance with the wording of the
policy (e.g. under the "duty of the Assured" clause attached to a MAR
policy). |
|
SUP |
What's Up? |
| Supercargo |
Person employed by a
ship owner, shipping company, charterer of a ship or shipper of goods to
supervise cargo handling operations. Often called a port captain. |
|
Supplemental Carrier |
A for-hire
air carrier having no time schedule or designated route; the carrier
provides service under a charter or contract per plane per trip. |
|
Supply Chain |
A group of
physical entities such as manufacturing plants, distribution centers,
conveyances, retail outlets, people and information which are linked
together through processes (such as procurement or logistics) in an
integrated fashion, to supply goods or services from source through
consumption. |
|
Supply Chain Management |
The
integration of the supplier, distributor, and customer logistics
requirements into one cohesive process to include demand planning,
forecasting, materials requisition, order processing, inventory allocation,
order fulfillment, transportation services, receiving, invoicing, and
payment. |
|
Surface Transportation Board (STB) |
The U.S. federal body charged with enforcing acts of the U.S.
Congress that affect common carriers in interstate commerce. STB replaced the
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in 1997. |
|
Sufferance Wharf |
A wharf licensed and attended by Customs authorities. |
|
Supplier Financing |
Arrangement where the
seller/supplier of goods allows the buyer an extended period of time after
shipment to pay for the goods. |
|
Supply Chain |
- A logistical management system which integrates the sequence
of activities from delivery of raw materials to the manufacturer through to
delivery of the finished product to the customer into measurable components.
"Just in Time" is a typical value-added example of supply chain management.
-- A sequence of events in a goods flow which adds to the value of a
specific good. These events may include:
-conversion
-assembling and/or disassembling
-movements and placements |
|
Supply Chain Management |
An attempt
to coordinate processes involved in producing, shipping and distributing
products, generally with large suppliers. Net markets can extend supply
chain management to all trading partners regardless of size because they
provide a central hub to integrate information from buyers and sellers. |
|
Supply Vessel |
Vessel
which carries stock and stores to offshore drilling rigs, platforms. |
|
Surcharge |
An extra or additional charge. |
|
Surety (Ins) |
-
A term
loosely used to describe the business or suretyship or bonds. Suretyship is
an arrangement whereby one party becomes answerable to a third party for the
acts of neglect of a second party;
- The party in a surety arrangement who holds himself responsible to one
person for the acts of another. |
|
Surety Bond (Ins) |
A bond in
which the surety agrees to answer to the obligee for the non-performance of
the principal (known as the obligor). |
|
Surtax |
An additional extra tax. |
| Survey |
In cargo insurance, an examination of damaged property to determine the cause,
extent and value. In hull insurance, an inspection of the ship to help determine
its insurability or, after a loss, the cause and extent of damage. |
| Surveyor |
A specialist who conducts surveys of cargo or hulls or cargo losses. |
| SWAD |
Salt Water Arrival Draft |
|
Swap Body |
See "Swop Body" |
| SWDD |
Salt Water Departure Draft |
|
Switch Engine |
A railroad
engine that is used to move railcars short distances within a terminal and
plant. |
|
Switching Costs |
Costs
incurred in changing suppliers or marketplaces. Net markets often seek to
re-architect procurement, search, and other processes so buyers stay put, a
key reason switching costs are higher in business-to-business than consumer
e-commerce. (See lifetime value of the customer, churn). |
|
SWL |
See "Safe Working Load" |
|
Swop Body |
- Separate
unit without wheels to carry cargo via road sometimes equipped with legs to
be used to carry cargo intermodal within Europe.
- The advantage being that this unit can be left behind to load or discharge
whilst the driver with the truck/chassis can change to another unit.
- These units are not used for sea transport |
| Syndicate(s) |
In Lloyd's Insurance - a group of
individuals or companies who assume risk on behalf of their clients. |
| Syndicate Policy |
A policy issued on behalf of a group of companies sharing a risk or class of
risks. A syndicate policy carries the names of all the participating companies
and usually designates the share of the liability assumed by each company. |
|
Synergy |
The
simultaneous joint action of separate parties which, together, have greater
total effect than the sum of their individual effects. |
|
SYS |
See You Soon |
|
System |
A set of
interacting elements, variable, parts, or objects that are functionally
related to each other and form a coherent group. |
| |
|
| |
|
DISCLAIMER: These terms and definitions have been gathered
from many sources public and private. This list is designed to serve as a
reference. No warranty for the accuracy is stated nor implied. |
|
HOME |
Over 3600 Ocean Marine, Shipping, Chat & Insurance Terms
and Abbreviations
To jump to a section, click the letter.
(Opens in new browser window)
Some letters have several hundred entries and may take some time to download
TERM COLORS: Black = Transport - - Blue = Insurance
- - Green = Chat/Email |
|
Chat -
A -
B -
C -
D -
E -
F -
G -
H -
I -
J -
K -
L -
M -
N -
O -
P -
Q -
R -
S -
T -
U -
V -
W -
X -
Y -
Z |
|
5 Steps + 2
Minutes = AllCovered --- Paperless -- No Monthly Reporting
-- Cargo - Bonds - BOL Liability/E&O -
Warehouse - Business Insurance --
-- We have Logistics AllCovered -- |
|
|
These terms, abbreviations
and descriptions have been gathered from many sources
online and in print. No warranty for their accuracy is stated nor implied. |
| |
|
Last Updated:
Monday, 08 June 2009 13:33:49 -0500 |
| |
